Method
- The base layer is the Overture Maps Foundation places dataset, released under CDLA-Permissive-2.0, filtered to Turkey: 1,786,700 records.
- Province and district are assigned geographically, from each record’s coordinates against official boundaries. Overture’s own address region field is null on roughly 92% of Turkish records, so using it would have thrown away most of the country.
- Every business with a website field was requested once. A record counts as reachable when the site returned a response; timeouts, refused connections and DNS failures count as unreachable.
- Social profiles were read from the markup of those pages. This is why the Instagram number is a floor rather than a census: a business with an Instagram account and no website cannot be counted at all.
- Figures were measured on 1 September 2026 and are a snapshot, not a time series.
What this does not measure
This is a map of businesses that are discoverable online, so it undercounts the informal economy and anything that never got listed. It also cannot see a business that runs entirely on Instagram or WhatsApp with no website, which is a common pattern in Turkish retail and food service. Read the website figures as a ceiling on web presence and the social figures as a floor.